{"id":60689,"date":"2019-03-03T10:57:17","date_gmt":"2019-03-03T09:57:17","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/almadar.be\/?p=60689"},"modified":"2019-03-03T10:57:31","modified_gmt":"2019-03-03T09:57:31","slug":"%d8%aa%d8%ad%d8%af%d9%8a%d8%ab-%d8%a3%d8%b3%d8%b3-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%85-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a8%d9%84%d8%af%d8%a7%d9%86","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.almadar.be\/?p=60689","title":{"rendered":"\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class='booster-block booster-read-block'>\n                <div class=\"twp-read-time\">\n                \t<i class=\"booster-icon twp-clock\"><\/i> <span>Read Time:<\/span>27 Minute, 0 Second                <\/div>\n\n         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\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0643 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0622\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0627&nbsp;\u064a\u062e\u0637\u0626\u060c \u0623\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0627\u064b\n\u0623\u0648 \u0642\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0648 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0648 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0641\u0646\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u062f \u0641\u0634\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0621\u200f<a href=\"https:\/\/caus.org.lb\/ar\/%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%aa%d9%82%d8%a7%d8%a1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d9%88%d8%b7%d8%a7%d9%86-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a5%d9%86%d8%b3%d8%a7\/#_ftn7\">[7]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0648\u064a\u0635\u0631\u0650\u0651\u062d \u062c\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u064a\u0648\u064a\u200f<a href=\"https:\/\/caus.org.lb\/ar\/%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%aa%d9%82%d8%a7%d8%a1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d9%88%d8%b7%d8%a7%d9%86-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a5%d9%86%d8%b3%d8%a7\/#_ftn8\">[8]<\/a>: \u00ab\u0646\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645\n\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0628\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d\u060c \u0648\u0646\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0641\u0646\u0635\u062d\u062d\u0647 \u0628\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623\u060c\n\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0646\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u0646\u0635\u062d\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0642\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u0633\u062e\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u062c\u0632\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627\n\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0643\u00bb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0648\u064a\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0650\u06a4\n\u06a4\u064a\u06a0\u0648\u062a\u0633\u0643\u064a (Lev\nVygotsky) \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0646 \u0638\u0647\u0631\n\u0642\u0644\u0628 \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0627&nbsp;\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0643 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u062d\u0641\u0638\u0647 \u0648\u0644\u0627&nbsp;\u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647\u200f<a href=\"https:\/\/caus.org.lb\/ar\/%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%aa%d9%82%d8%a7%d8%a1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d9%88%d8%b7%d8%a7%d9%86-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a5%d9%86%d8%b3%d8%a7\/#_ftn9\">[9]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0648\u064a\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a \u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0644\u062a\u200f<a href=\"https:\/\/caus.org.lb\/ar\/%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%aa%d9%82%d8%a7%d8%a1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d9%88%d8%b7%d8%a7%d9%86-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a5%d9%86%d8%b3%d8%a7\/#_ftn10\">[10]<\/a>&nbsp;\u062d\u064a\u0646\n\u064a\u0635\u0631\u0650\u0651\u062d \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u00ab\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0644\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a\n\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\n\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u00bb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0648\u064a\u062f\u0639\u0648 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u200f<a href=\"https:\/\/caus.org.lb\/ar\/%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%aa%d9%82%d8%a7%d8%a1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d9%88%d8%b7%d8%a7%d9%86-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a5%d9%86%d8%b3%d8%a7\/#_ftn11\">[11]<\/a>&nbsp;\u0625\u0644\u0649\n\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062c\u0630\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0646\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631\u060c \u0641\u064a\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0628\n\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628\n\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0651\u0642\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u064a\u064f\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643 \u0641\u064a\u0642\u0636\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0623\u0648\n\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0647 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0651\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a\u200f<a href=\"https:\/\/caus.org.lb\/ar\/%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%aa%d9%82%d8%a7%d8%a1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d9%88%d8%b7%d8%a7%d9%86-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a5%d9%86%d8%b3%d8%a7\/#_ftn12\">[12]<\/a>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u062d\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0649.\u2002<\/li><li>\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0648\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0647.\u2002<\/li><li>\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0646.\u2002<\/li><li>\u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a.\u2002<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0648\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0643\u0646\u062f\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0639\u062a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u062f\n\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u062d\u0641\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c\n\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0623\u062c\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c: \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628\n\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 (Program\nfor International Student Assessment (PISA)) \u0641\u062c\u0627\u0621\u062a\n\u0641\u0646\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\n\u0641\u0646\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0627\u200f<a href=\"https:\/\/caus.org.lb\/ar\/%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%aa%d9%82%d8%a7%d8%a1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d9%88%d8%b7%d8%a7%d9%86-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a5%d9%86%d8%b3%d8%a7\/#_ftn13\">[13]<\/a>\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0627 \u0646\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0646\n\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0625\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0627&nbsp;\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0644\u0627&nbsp;\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0644 \u0648\u0636\u0645\u0646\n\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0647\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 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class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0623&nbsp;\u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u062c\u064a\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a.\n\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u0636\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631\n\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062c\u0631\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628&nbsp;\u2013 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u062a\u0647\u0627\n\u0648\u0625\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627\u061b \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0628\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062c&nbsp;\u2013 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0624\u0633\u0633 \u0644\u0645\u062d\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646\n\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0647\u0645.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062f&nbsp;\u2013 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628\n\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0638. \u0648\u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u063a\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629\n\u0648\u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\n\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0647 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0627&nbsp;\u064a\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646. \u0641\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0631\u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0627\u062f\n\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0647\u0640&nbsp;\u2013 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0643\u064a \u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a\n\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0648&nbsp;\u2013 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0641\u064a\n\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0632&nbsp;\u2013 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062d&nbsp;\u2013 \u062a\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644\n\u0648\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629.. \u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0624\u0647\u0644 \u062c\u064a\u0640\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0633\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b\n\u0648\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0637&nbsp;\u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a\n\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a&nbsp;\u2013 \u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0634\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a\n\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0644\u0627&nbsp;\u064a\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0623\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0633\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a\n\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646. \u0641\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a \u0628\u062a\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\n\u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0642\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0651\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0643&nbsp;\u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0648\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646\n\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631\u0647 \u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0647\u0645. \u0648\u062d\u0628\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0648 \u0623\u0644\u062d\u0642\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\n\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0644&nbsp;\u2013 \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u0646\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649\n\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0645&nbsp;\u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629\n\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0648 \u0637\u0627\u0626\u0641\u064a\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0646&nbsp;\u2013 \u062a\u0646\u0634\u0626\u0629 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u060c\n\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0646\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>2&nbsp;\u2013 <\/strong><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\n\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0646<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0647\u0644 \u064a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0629\u061f 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\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.\u2002(9)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629\n\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0641\u0633\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0627\u063a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0639 \u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0623\u0648\n\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628.\u2002(10)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0628\u0639\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629\n\u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u0631\u064a\u062c\u0648 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0635\u0631\u0627\u064b.\u2002(11)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0644\u062a\u0628\u0646\u0651\u064a \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\n\u0648\u0647\u064a:\u2002(12)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0643\u0644 \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649\n\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621.\u2002-<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623.\u2002-<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0639\u064a\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u0631\u062a\u064e\u0643\u0628\n\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0639 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0628\u0644 \u0647\u0648\n\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0627\u0628. \u0625\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644\n\u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u064a\u0646 (\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628).\u2002-<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>(\u062c) \u0645\u0624\u0647\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0651\u0633\u064a\n\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2013 \u064a\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0628\n\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u0648\u0627 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u063a\u0628\u0627\u0621\u064b\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u062a\u062f\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0621\n\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646&nbsp;\u2013 \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636&nbsp;\u2013 \u064a\u062f\u0631\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629\n\u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636. \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646&nbsp;\u2013 \u0648\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641\n\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0648\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629&nbsp;\u2013 \u064a\u062f\u0631\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0639\u062f\u0645\n\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0644. \u0641\u0647\u0644 \u0646\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0631\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u060c\n\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0642\u0645\u0635 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0646! \u0648\u0647\u0644 \u0646\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u062c\u0646\u064a\u0628\n\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u064f\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623\u061f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0628 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0648\u0644\u0627&nbsp;\u0644\u0623\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c\n\u0628\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0650\u0651\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2013 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\n\u0633\u0644\u064e\u0651\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u063a\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0642\u062f\n\u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629: \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u060c \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0623\u0642\u062f\u0645\u060c \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0641 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a\n\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631<\/strong><strong>:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/caus.org.lb\/ar\/%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%aa%d9%82%d8%a7%d8%a1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d9%88%d8%b7%d8%a7%d9%86-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a5%d9%86%d8%b3%d8%a7\/#_ftnref1\">[1]<\/a>H. W. E. Saggs, Civilization\nbefore Greece and Rome (New Haven, CT; London Yale University Press, 1989).\u2002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/caus.org.lb\/ar\/%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%aa%d9%82%d8%a7%d8%a1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d9%88%d8%b7%d8%a7%d9%86-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a5%d9%86%d8%b3%d8%a7\/#_ftnref2\">[2]<\/a>\u0633\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0632\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\nGardenia\u060c\n\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0637\/\u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 2017.\u2002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/caus.org.lb\/ar\/%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%aa%d9%82%d8%a7%d8%a1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d9%88%d8%b7%d8%a7%d9%86-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a5%d9%86%d8%b3%d8%a7\/#_ftnref3\">[3]<\/a>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647.\u2002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/caus.org.lb\/ar\/%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%aa%d9%82%d8%a7%d8%a1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d9%88%d8%b7%d8%a7%d9%86-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a5%d9%86%d8%b3%d8%a7\/#_ftnref4\">[4]<\/a>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647.\u2002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/caus.org.lb\/ar\/%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%aa%d9%82%d8%a7%d8%a1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d9%88%d8%b7%d8%a7%d9%86-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a5%d9%86%d8%b3%d8%a7\/#_ftnref5\">[5]<\/a>Neil Postman, The End of\nEducation and References Therein (New York: Vintage Books; London: Random\nHouse, 1996).\u2002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/caus.org.lb\/ar\/%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%aa%d9%82%d8%a7%d8%a1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d9%88%d8%b7%d8%a7%d9%86-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a5%d9%86%d8%b3%d8%a7\/#_ftnref6\">[6]<\/a>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647.\u2002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/caus.org.lb\/ar\/%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%aa%d9%82%d8%a7%d8%a1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d9%88%d8%b7%d8%a7%d9%86-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a5%d9%86%d8%b3%d8%a7\/#_ftnref7\">[7]<\/a>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0635&nbsp;132.\u2002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/caus.org.lb\/ar\/%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%aa%d9%82%d8%a7%d8%a1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d9%88%d8%b7%d8%a7%d9%86-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a5%d9%86%d8%b3%d8%a7\/#_ftnref8\">[8]<\/a>John Dewey, Democracy and\nEducation: An Introduction to the Philosophy of Education (New York: The Free\nPress; Simon and Schuster, 2016).\u2002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/caus.org.lb\/ar\/%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%aa%d9%82%d8%a7%d8%a1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d9%88%d8%b7%d8%a7%d9%86-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a5%d9%86%d8%b3%d8%a7\/#_ftnref9\">[9]<\/a>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647.\u2002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/caus.org.lb\/ar\/%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%aa%d9%82%d8%a7%d8%a1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d9%88%d8%b7%d8%a7%d9%86-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a5%d9%86%d8%b3%d8%a7\/#_ftnref10\">[10]<\/a>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647.\u2002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/caus.org.lb\/ar\/%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%aa%d9%82%d8%a7%d8%a1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d9%88%d8%b7%d8%a7%d9%86-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a5%d9%86%d8%b3%d8%a7\/#_ftnref11\">[11]<\/a> Monica Martines and Dennis\nMcGarth, Deeper Learning (New York: The New Press, 2016).\u2002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/caus.org.lb\/ar\/%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%aa%d9%82%d8%a7%d8%a1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d9%88%d8%b7%d8%a7%d9%86-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a5%d9%86%d8%b3%d8%a7\/#_ftnref12\">[12]<\/a>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647.\u2002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/caus.org.lb\/ar\/%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%aa%d9%82%d8%a7%d8%a1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d9%88%d8%b7%d8%a7%d9%86-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a5%d9%86%d8%b3%d8%a7\/#_ftnref13\">[13]<\/a>Kalee Brown, \u00abFinland to\nBecome the First Country in the World to Get Rid of All School Subjects,\u00bb\u2002\n&lt;https:\/\/www.collective-evolution.com\/2017\/04\/04\/finland-to-become-the-first-country-in-the-world-to-get-rid-of-all-school-subjects\/&gt;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/caus.org.lb\/ar\/%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%aa%d9%82%d8%a7%d8%a1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d9%88%d8%b7%d8%a7%d9%86-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%aa%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a5%d9%86%d8%b3%d8%a7\/#_ftnref14\">[14]<\/a>Adam Unwin and John Yandell,\nRethinking Education: Whose Knowledge is it Anyway? (New York: New\nInternational Publication, 2016).\u2002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a\n\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629&nbsp; \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n        <div class=\"booster-block booster-reactions-block\">\n            <div class=\"twp-reactions-icons\">\n                \n                <div class=\"twp-reacts-wrap\">\n                    <a react-data=\"be-react-1\" post-id=\"60689\" class=\"be-face-icons un-reacted\" href=\"javascript:void(0)\">\n                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.almadar.be\/wp-content\/plugins\/booster-extension\/\/assets\/icon\/happy.svg\" alt=\"Happy\">\n                    <\/a>\n                    <div class=\"twp-reaction-title\">\n                        Happy                    <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"twp-count-percent\">\n                                                    <span style=\"display: none;\" class=\"twp-react-count\">0<\/span>\n                        \n                                                <span class=\"twp-react-percent\"><span>0<\/span> %<\/span>\n                                            <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n\n                <div class=\"twp-reacts-wrap\">\n                    <a react-data=\"be-react-2\" post-id=\"60689\" class=\"be-face-icons un-reacted\" href=\"javascript:void(0)\">\n                        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.almadar.be\/wp-content\/plugins\/booster-extension\/\/assets\/icon\/sad.svg\" alt=\"Sad\">\n                    <\/a>\n                    <div class=\"twp-reaction-title\">\n                        Sad                    <\/div>\n                    <div class=\"twp-count-percent\">\n                                                    <span style=\"display: none;\" class=\"twp-react-count\">0<\/span>\n                                                               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src=\"https:\/\/www.almadar.be\/wp-content\/plugins\/booster-extension\/\/assets\/icon\/surprise.svg\" alt=\"Surprise\">\n                    <\/a>\n                    <div class=\"twp-reaction-title\">Surprise<\/div>\n                    <div class=\"twp-count-percent\">\n                                                    <span style=\"display: none;\" class=\"twp-react-count\">0<\/span>\n                                                                        <span class=\"twp-react-percent\"><span>0<\/span> %<\/span>\n                                            <\/div>\n                <\/div>\n\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n\n    ","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0646\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0639\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 &#8230;_ \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0631\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0650\u0651\u0646 \u0644\u0623\u064a \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u0623\u0645\u0629. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062e\u0650\u0651\u0631 \u062b\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0647. \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u062c\u0644\u0651\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0631\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0628 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a. \u0641\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 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